Stereotype Threat And Arousal Effects On Women s Math...

O’Brien, L.T., Crandall, C.S. (2003) Stereotype threat and arousal: effects on women’s math performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 782-789. i. EXPERIMENTAL ii. The study was experimental because: 1) the researchers did manipulate the independent variables, and 2) Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. iii. The purpose of the study was to determine if increased stimulation due to perceived stereotype biases affected performance in critical thinking. More specifically, the researchers were interested in whether participants, women in particular, performances were more negatively affected due to a perceived favoring of previous outcomes based upon gender stereotypes. iv. Independent/Dependent v. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: Gender; Stereotype threat inclusion and/or omission; Test difficulty vi. DEPENDENT VARIABLE: Performance scores. vii. Gender – whether there was a difference in performance between genders; used for comparison between male and female participants viii. Stereotype threat inclusion/omission: whether including or omitting information that could potentially indicate gender bias would affect performance. ix. Test difficulty: variations in difficult and time allowance per test. 1. This is more considered a constant variable as the tests and time allowed were identical between those who did and did not receive the stereotype threat letter. x. Performance score: the outcome of performance results. xi. Participants wereShow MoreRelatedhow stereotype threat may cause poor performance in women Essay1509 Words   |  7 Pagesview that women lack the intellect to succeeded in STEM disciplines has been a prevailing one for much of history (Cadinu, Maass, Rosabianca, Kiesner, 2005). 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We believe that music that has sexist themes will result in low mood states and test results of the females in that conditionRead More Racial and Cultural Test Bias, Stereotype Threat and Their Implications3799 Words   |  16 PagesRacial and Cultural Test Bias, Stereotype Threat and Their Implications A substantial amount of educational and psychological research has consistently demonstrated that African American students underperform academically relative to White students. For example, they tend to receive lower grades in school (e.g., Demo Parker, 1987; Simmons, Brown, Bush, Blyth, 1978), score lower on standardized tests of intellectual ability (e.g., Bachman, 1970; Herring, 1989; Reyes Stanic, 1988; SimmonsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul SingaporeRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.................................... 447 Exercises .......................................................................................................................................... 449 CHAPTER 14 Reasoning about Causes and Their Effects ................................................... 465 Correlations......................................................................................................................................... 465 Significant Correlations .......

Human Resources Planning Essay - 1761 Words

What is Manpower / Human Resources Planning (HRP)? Manpower planning or HR planning are synonymous. HR planning is more broad-based. Hereinafter, we will call it Human Resource Planning or HRP in short. Human resource planning is the process of anticipating and carrying out the movement of people into, within, and out of the organization. Human resources planning is done to achieve the optimum use of human resources and to have the correct number and types of employees needed to meet organizational goals. We also can say that, Human resource planning is the process of systematically reviewing human resource requirements to ensure that the required numbers of employees with the required skills†¦show more content†¦According to Geisler, â€Å"Manpower planning is the process including forecasting, developing and controlling by which a firm ensures that it has- †¢ The right number of people, †¢ The right kind of people, †¢ At the right places, †¢ At the right time, doing work for which they are economically most useful†. Wickstrom very beautifully summarizes the features of HRP, Forecasting future manpower requirements, where we use mathematical projections, to project trends in the economic environment and development of the industry. Making an inventory of present manpower resources and assessing the extent to which these resources are employed optimally. Procuring competent personnel requires positive recruitment efforts and the development of a variety of recruitment sources. These sources must consider not only the nature and conditions of the external labor market, but also the presence of qualified personnel who are available to fill vacancies through internal promotions or transfers. AnticipatingShow MoreRelatedHuman Resources Planning And Human Resource Planning1603 Words   |  7 PagesHuman resource handle administrative functions in an organisation and Human resource planning expand strategies for relating the skills and size of manpower to enterprise needs. In simple words the planning system makes recruitment, gives training and restructures the staff requirement to meet the organisational goals and changes within the environment. Human resource planning is a paramount component of Human resource management. 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(5 marks) The term ‘derived demand’ is used to describes how the changes in demand for one product could either increase or decrease the demand for another product. An example of this occurring could be within the automotive industry. If the demand of vehicles increase so does the raw materials to make them and vice versa. This happens because the demand of vehiclesRead MoreHuman Resource Planning And Human Resources2006 Words   |  9 Pagesdevelopment of human resource planning firm employees to find is very important. Aim to achieve the organization in this way it should be internal or external supply to assess whether labor supply. With the needs of the firm s main specialty AD-workers describe the job analysis, there should be. Today s executives of particular concern for the effective and acurate in human resource planning for the needs of internal and external supply of labor. Human Resource planning is the planning which canRead MoreHuman Resource Planning595 Words   |  3 PagesHuman Resource Planning The function that I will explore in depth is Marks and Spencer human resource planning primarily concerned with the organisation possessing sufficient numbers of employees and of the right standard. The four main purposes of the human resource planning function are:  · Marks and Spencer establish clear links between organisational objectives and human resource plans so that successful co-ordination of the two can be set out.  · To giveRead MoreHuman Resource Planning1429 Words   |  6 Pages1. What is Human resource planning? Human resource planning links people management to the organization, mission, vision, goals, and objectives as well as its strategies plan and budgetary resources. A key goals of HRP is to get the right number of people with the right skills, experiences and competencies in the right jobs at the right time at the right cost. 2. What is strategic planning? Strategic planning is the process of taking inputs (information), organizing and making sense of thatRead MoreHuman Resource Planning3781 Words   |  16 PagesHuman Resource Planning (3rd Class) Definition: The ongoing process of systematic planning to achieve optimum use of an organizations most valuable asset - its human resources. The objective of human resource (HR) planning is to ensure the best fit between employees and jobs, while avoiding manpower shortages or surpluses. The three key elements of the HR planning process are forecasting labor demand, analyzing present labor supply, and balancing projected labor demand and supply. RigorousRead MoreHuman Resource Management And Human Resources Planning930 Words   |  4 PagesThe career path I chose was that of human resources the reason I chose this is because I really enjoy helping with their problems while also being able to help the big picture. This is meaningful to me besides the fact with being able to help people with their problems. Depending on the place that you work for you can also make a nice bit of money and be able to travel throughout the country. I personally do not have any experiences in working in this career field but I have helped my mother withRead MoreHuman Resource Planning Process For Human Resources804 Words   |  4 Pagesfor this assignment covered human resource management. Items discussed in this chapter were the importance of human resource management in an organization, the planning process for human resources, how a manager needs to be familiar with U.S. federal laws and regulations, the steps in the employment process, and current issues faced by human resources. According to Dunlap Garvin (2010), good employees can be the key to success in an organization. A human resources department has several importantRead MoreHuman Resource Planning2071 Words   |  9 PagesPrevious decades have seen considerable changes within implementation of human resource planning. The following report has been devised in order to analyse occurrence and reasoning of these changes. The following points shall be reviewed: • Identification of the different drivers which affect organisational management. • Analysis of the changes in human resource management implementation consequential of the above stated changes. • Explanation of adaptations of the recruitment and selection

System Analysis PG for Healthcare Industry - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSystem Analysis PG for Healthcare Industry. Answer: Introduction In general, the healthcare industry has rapidly moved towards the digital platform over the past few years due to the amount of data it collects. In most cases, this data stems from patients records which include extended descriptions of the diagnostics and treatment procedures. Now, most of this data must be analyzed to yield conclusive results which necessitate the need for cloud storage facilities which collect, process and distribute meaningful information. Moreover, the same facilities enable the healthcare institutions to store their extensive records which are then readily accessed from any location and using any digital platform. Similarly, the Headspace project aims to promote the functionalities cloud computing into its existing IT infrastructure by linking its proposed information system to a cloud service provider(Reddy Reddy, 2013). This report analyses the different system design parameters that will facilitate this collaboration including the non-functional requiremen ts of the system itself. Moreover, the attributes of cloud solutions are given and so are the development methods. The non-functional requirements These are attributes or characteristics and that define the system design thus constrain it from different functionalities across a wide range of operating platforms. Now, this definition is different as compared to that of functional requirements which outline the functionalities and operations of the system(Hassan, 2010). Therefore, these requirements define the systems interaction with the end user which promotes the usability outcomes. System qualities These elements facilitate and maintain the efficiency of the system thus ensuring that the overall user structure is satisfied. Furthermore, if they are not met, the system may fail to meet certain regulatory measures or standards set by the governing authority(Losavio Chirinos, 2003). Now, they are: Performance the overall utilization of the system which is measured using the response time, static volumetric and throughput among many other factors. Reliability and recoverability consistency in operations and functionalities despite the changes in operation platform or occurrence of hardships. Security the property, more so the data must be protected against illegal access or exposure. Usability the most critical component that determines the overall systems satisfaction levels. It is the systems ability to facilitate operations through different practical functionalities(Microsoft, 2017). System interface and user interface (UI) These elements represent the overall structure that interacts with the end user i.e. the outline that delivers the results and allows users to give the system input. Its design generally dictates the systems performance as the users appeal will determine its usability. Therefore, the developer must balance the technical prowess of the background structures with the overall system interface i.e. items such as colour, icons and images(E-cartouche, 2017). To this end, the following attributes are necessary: Maintainability the interface should live up to the time through update features i.e. patches that constantly engage the users. Interoperability especially with all platforms i.e. operating systems and deployment languages. Accessibility and availability despite the multiple functionalities, the interfaces must be size convenient for fast access regardless of the internet connection(Rahman, Safadi, Basaula, 2015). System constraints First, the major constraints, in this case, are the non-functional requirements themselves as they will restrict the development of the system itself. Furthermore, they will limit the deployment platforms which will include programming languages and operating systems. Moreover, they will affect the overall budget and time provision which will limit the systems functionalities. Cloud-based solutions These are services that are offered to customers (subscribers) through internet connections or any other forms of public networks. Now, these services usually include IT resources such as networks, processing power and storage facilities among many others. A service providers (better known as CSP) will host these resources in foreign environments and lease them to willing subscribers. In the end, the subscriber will use a pay-as-you-use model to host their resources online under the CSP infrastructure(Council, 2017). Similarly, if adopted by the Headspace project, the proposed system will be hosted online, an outcome that will boost its availability and accessibility. Furthermore, due to its attributes, the cloud resources will have the following benefits and weaknesses. Strengths of cloud computing Cost saving a crucial component of any organization as it determines the overall expenditures and income returns. In this case, cloud computing eliminates the implementation and maintenance cost of IT resources. Resource availability and accessibility healthcare stakeholders would be able to access all resources hosted online so long as they have an internet connection. Flexibility and redundancy adaptability CSPs will host the same resource in multiple locations which improve the backup options available(Viswanathan, 2017). Weaknesses Security and privacy the CSP will operate in public platforms which raises the concerns of resource security and privacy. Moreover, since the resource occurs in an international platform (internet) the local Australian laws may not govern it. Therefore, the solution, in this case, will fall on the security measures implemented including data encryption and authentication where verification of the users will be done. Loss of system control cloud solutions lack the physical control of resources experienced by users when using the on-premise equipment. Furthermore, the end users (subscribers) cannot track or tag their resources as they are ferried online(Ward, 2017). System development life cycle (SDLC) SDLC is a process that facilitates users to transform systems theoretical ideas into practical operational systems. In essence, SDLC will involve an array of procedures and stages that will implement a software solution using methodological stages. Furthermore, since different systems have varying functionalities and characteristics, the process will change from time to time which outlines the different approaches associated with SDLC(Isaias Issa, 2010). In all, some approaches will emphasize on some requirements and functionalities as compared to others. Therefore, the SDLC approach will generally determine the final solution depending on the deployment procedure used. Predictive SDLC To understand this methodology, we highlight the approach using a common example of the predictive SDLC method i.e. the waterfall model. Now, the waterfall model falls a sequential procedure during its implementation of system projects. The same model is followed by the overall predictive approach where design stages of system development are critically outlined before implementation and are then followed sequentially without any deviation(MIS, 2015). Therefore, the first step is always to identify the stages of development including their specific requirements and assumptions. From this step, the stages themselves are highlighted and documented for instance; requirements capture, system design, construction, requirement integration, testing and deployment. This outline follows a logical flow with each subsequent stage occurring after the successful completion of the previous one. Pros of this method A very simple process the developers will always have the logical steps to follow having identified the requirements and stages of system development. Cost effective its simple design facilitates a short implementation procedure that requires minimal resources. Accountability and good documentation because the process is predictable, the users can account for each step and the resources having established a development plan. Cons Time intensive predictive SDLC does not allow the simultaneous execution of the development stages which increases the overall time of system implementation. Inflexible approach any changes experienced cannot be accommodated into the system design. Adaptive approach Again, following the same definition procedure, a common example of the approach is the Scrum model where agility and performance flexibility are usually met. Now, unlike the predictive approach, the adaptive approach will have a greater emphasis on user interactions as compared to system processes or tools. Moreover, the approach will also easily respond to changes which increase its adaptability functions(MIS, 2015). Nevertheless, the approach will also start by defining the systems requirements and processes which are then split into logical implementation stages. These stages are then executed simultaneously which yields many initial and subsidiary solutions. From here, these subsidiary solutions are integrated to form the final solution using iterative techniques that maximize the system performance. Pros of the approach Time efficient the approach maximizes the time available for performing all its role at the same time without a sequential flow of events. Flexible and adaptable any changes to the systems performance or requirements are incorporated into the system design. Enhanced system qualities the adaptive approach is user centred which improves the attributes of the final system(Warner, 2017). Cons Expertise - a lot of expertise is needed to implement the overall system as it split into different logical stages. Resource intensive finally, the approach uses a lot of resources due to its specialization requirements. Recommendation The adaptive approach seems to hold many benefits that the predictive approach cannot match. For one, the adaptive approach can adapt to changes which are inevitable in any modern system due to the advancements of technology. Secondly, the adaptive approach will optimize the resources including time, unlike the predictive approach which will require long timeline to implement the final solution(Isaias Issa, 2010). Finally, the integration with cloud resources requires an agile method that will match any variations imposed by the technology, a functionality that can only be met by an agile approach. Conclusion Cloud computing is without a doubt the best solution for the problems facing the Headspace project which requires endless storage facilities to support its medical services. Moreover, with cloud-based solutions, the availability and accessibility of the projects resources will be increased which will enhance the overall systems performance. However, at the same time, the project must consider the security concerns of cloud computing where the control of the data is not guaranteed. For this concern, the project must implement proper security measures including data encryption and authentication. References Council, C. S. (2017). Impact of Cloud Computing on Healthcare. Version 2.0, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://www.cloud-council.org/deliverables/CSCC-Impact-of-Cloud-Computing-on-Healthcare.pdf. E-cartouche. (2017). Types of User Interfaces. Cartography for Swiss Higher Education, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://www.e-cartouche.ch/content_reg/cartouche/ui_access/en/html/UnitGUI_UI.html. Hassan, A. (2010). Software Architecture. CISC 322, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://research.cs.queensu.ca/~ahmed/home/teaching/CISC322/F09/slides/CISC322_02_Requirements.pdf. Isaias, P., Issa, T. (2010). Information System Development Life Cycle Models. Retrieved 28 September, 2017, from: https://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9781461492535-c2.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1479416-p175478101. Losavio, F., Chirinos, L. (2003). Quality Characteristics for Software Architecture. JOURNAL OF OBJECT TECHNOLOGY, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://www.jot.fm/issues/issue_2003_03/article2.pdf. Microsoft. (2017). Chapter 16: Quality Attributes. Design Fundamentals, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee658094.aspx. MIS. (2015). The System Development Life Cycle. Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://utexas.instructure.com/courses/1166782/files/38198507/download. Rahman, R., Safadi, W., Basaula, A. (2015). Functional And Non-Functional Requirements. Retrieved 28 September, 2017, from: https://ami-2015.github.io/MyGuide/d2-final.pdf. Reddy, G., Reddy, U. (2013). Study of Cloud Computing in HealthCare Industry. International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.404.1483rep=rep1type=pdf. Viswanathan, P. (2017). Cloud Computing and Is it Really All That Beneficial? Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://www.lifewire.com/cloud-computing-explained-2373125. Ward, S. (2017). 5 Disadvantages of Cloud Computing. The balance, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://www.thebalance.com/disadvantages-of-cloud-computing-4067218. Warner, E. (2017). Adaptive vs. Predictive: Is the end clear? Idea, Retrieved 02 October, 2017, from: https://www.idea.org/blog/2005/12/02/adaptive-vs-predictive-is-the-end-clear/.

Symbolism in Automobile Creation Essay Example

Symbolism in Automobile Creation Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in Automobile Creation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in Automobile Creation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in Automobile Creation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Symbolism in Automobile Creation The automobile has a history that is quite decorated. From the first automobile created to present day world class machines the brains behind these marvelous machines have demonstrated their love for the work in many different ways. One particular instance that shows this connection with the maker is Henry Ford’s creation of the Edsel. Ford showed this connection by naming the vehicle after his son (Gunn, paragraph 3). This symbolized his great affection for the Edsel. It was however a disappointing creation for the Ford corporation. In an interview with NPR staff about his book Engines of Change, Paul Ingrassia illustrates the symbols represented by certain vehicles. From Ford to Ingrassia vehicles were used to show some symbolism. Automobiles were sometimes taken to represent many things a factor, which affected in a great way people’s cultures and lifestyle. In an article on Newsday writer Malcolm Gunn analyzes the performance of the Edsel. According to Gunn, this line of cars was a perfect example of a failed creation. The Edsel, created about fifty years ago, took the Ford foundation approximately two years to produce and cost them millions of dollars. It was named after Ford’s son Edsel (Gunn paragraph 3). The corporation had expected the car to be a major success in the market since it was manufactured at a time when the automobile industry was experiencing a manufacturing boom. It was conceived at a time when Ford had very few credible competitors such as Volkswagen so it was bound to make an impact on the automobile market. Ford had decided to introduce this model to satisfy the ever-increasing demand for automobiles. It was supposed to be attractive in order to appeal to buyers. From advertisements and leaks from the press, potential customers were geared towards something extraordinarily different from the usual Ford cars. When the car was finally released, it became an object of mockery from both the media and the people. The subject of mockery was the grille that hung among the fenders (Gunn paragraph 5). Because of the grille, the Ford foundation was unable to make their anticipated sales even after Ford tried to make major alterations to its design. The Edsel named after Ford’s son, became a subject of humor for a very long time afterwards. In an interview with NPR’s Scott Simon, Paul Ingrassia the author of Engines of Change, a book that analyzes fifteen historical cars and what they represented during their time, talks about the symbolism attached to cars. In the book, Ingrassia demonstrates how the automotive industry has affected the American culture and ways of life. Ingrassia says in the interview that the fifteen cars he chose were the most influential on the American citizen (NPR paragraph 3). Ingrassia says that aspects of the American culture and history can be captured by different automobiles. In the interview, he cites several examples; his first example is the Chevy Corvette. Ingrassia says that since this car was introduced in 1953, when Elvis Presley recorded music, Hugh Hefner founded the Playboy and the Korean War ended it was thus a symbol of peace and freedom (NPR paragraph 6). He also says that the Volkswagen beetle was a symbol of peace, love and since it introduced during the 1950’s the American people bought it as a sign of their distaste to the extravagant behavior of American consumers. About the Mustang, Ingrassia says it had a major influence on American culture. It symbolized the introduction of a sporty cheap vehicle. This was significant because it encouraged American families to own two cars. Ingrassia mentions the Prius and says it was symbolic because of its shape. He says that it was a technological masterpiece. This attribute and its shape made it a household name in America during its time (NPR paragraph 10). At the end of the interview, Ingrassia says that the automobile industry has great potential and there was still a lot of chance that it may churn out similarly influential vehicles. Outline From the above articles and the examples given, vehicles have been used as symbols in many different ways throughout the history of the automobile industry. The symbolism can be viewed from the manufacturer’s perspective (Ford) and from the customer’s perspective (Ingrassia). From the manufacturer’s perspective, the car represented something they cherished and therefore influenced his mind from the onset. From Ford’s example, the Edsel was a project that he held close to his heart. He had named it after his son and thus had high expectations on its performance. The fact that Edsel represented someone he really loved cannot be disputed. Ford injected a lot of money and work force into this project because he did not want it to fail. Even when all indications showed that the line of cars was failing, he still tried to salvage it my making more changes. The failure of the Edsel can also be largely attributed to the way the media used the grille in their mocke ry. The grille had different names tagged on it for instance among some circle it was called â€Å"an Oldsmobile sucking a lemon† (Gunn, paragraph 6). Perhaps such names that symbolized outdated automotives were reasons why the Edsel never picked up. This is an example of how this symbolism affected culture and people’s way of life. This symbolism can also be seen from the Ingrassia depiction of what historical cars symbolized. The American citizenry view cars according to what event or part of their life particular cars captured. This symbolism affected largely the kind of cars they bought and why they bought them. As illustrated by Ingrassia, people sometimes bought cars to pass a message, as was the case of the Volkswagen beetle. This symbolism in the automobile industry had and still has a great impact in the way people behave and cars are still symbols of culture and lifestyle. Works Cited Gunn, Malcolm. â€Å"Ford Edsel: Shiny grille Derailed a Sure Success.† Newsday, Feb 11. 2013. Web. Feb 23. 2013. Staff, NPR. â€Å"In ‘Engines’, A History of America Through Cars.† NPR Books, May 01. 2012. Web. Feb 23. 2013.